Bro. He was educated in the Batavia City School System and graduated with a Regents Diploma. SUPREME COUNCIL OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA OF SOVEREIGN GRAND INSPECTORS GENERAL OF THE THIRTY THIRD AND LAST DEGREE, ANCIENT ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE FREE MASONS, EAST-WEST is a District Of Columbia General Business filed on April 21, 2005. "Our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure. Like most of his predecessors in the office of Sovereign Grand Commander, Smith was active in other Masonic groups, including Toledo Council No. We ask ourselves, Who am I to be brilliant, gorgeous, talented, fabulous? This web site will be updated on a continuous basis to assure the most accurate information possible. After presenting the facts of the extraordinary circumstances to Past Grand Commander Gourgas, three members of the Council met and elected new officers. He Joined Clifton DeMolay Chapter in 1970 and served as Master Councilor. Palmer was active in the York Rite as well, eventually serving as Grand High Priest of Wisconsin, Most Illustrious Grand Master of the Grand Council of Royal and Select Masters of Wisconsin, and Grand Commander of the Grand Commandery of Wisconsin. It is my pleasure to offer a warm welcome to the website for the Supreme Council for Scotland of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite. Abstract of Proceedings of the Supreme Council of Sovereign Grand Inspectors General of the Thirty-third and Last Degree of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry for the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction of the United States of America. Glattly has received several other Masonic honors including the Daniel Coxe Medal from New Jersey and the Josiah Drummond Award from Maine. In 1933, he was elected to the Michigan Supreme Court, where he served as a justice until his appointment as Sovereign Grand Commander, at which point, he stepped down from the bench to serve the Scottish Rite. Johnson became a member of Walthams Monitor Lodge in 1892. Our dealings in the past have led us to this new crossroad with new promises and a new pearl. He became an Active Member of Supreme Council in 1998. John Henry Cowles, Sovereign Grand Commander of the Supreme Council (Mother Council of the World) of the Inspectors General Knights Commanders of the House of the Temple of Solomon of the Thirty-third Degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Free-masonry of the Southern Jurisdiction of the United States of America, and Sovereign Grand Inspector General in Kentucky . The 1860 Proceedings records that a motion was made to create a committee whose purpose was to review the way the Supreme Council operated. It was he who kept the Scottish Rite alive during the years when but for him it would have faded out. Gourgas is rightly remembered as the Conservator of Scottish Rite Freemasonry. At the 125th anniversary of the founding of the Supreme Council, August 5, 1938, then-Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson stated ". SEC. 84 and Kosciuszko Lodge #1085. He received the 33 in Detroit in 1973, and was crowned an Active Member of the Supreme Council in 1977 in Pittsburgh. Most Puissant Sovereign Grand Commander. Simson was raised in Clinton Lodge No. Fra' Alessandro de Franciscis - Grand Hospitaller When he moved to Wisconsin, he affiliated with Tracy Lodge No. He held that position until 1908. The MIll Grand Standard Bearer Bro. Grand Commander Cole served as Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Virginia in 2001. John F. Herrick 33 succeeded to the Council on the 22nd March 2006. William A. Perry 33 succeeded to the Council on the 23rd March 2022. Charles Iain Robert Wolrige Gordon of Esslemont 33. When he left office in 1909, the fund had increased to $454,000. To fully achieve peace within the Rite the newly merged Supreme Council chose, in Drummond, one of its greatest Masonic statesmen. He served the Great Priory of Scotland as Grand Mareschal for 14 years before retiring in 1998 with the Rank of Knight Commander of the Temple. Although he ended his term as Sovereign Grand Commander in 1921, Smith continued his participation in Freemasonry until his death in 1935. Despite taking office at the age of 60, Henry Lynde Palmer held the office of Sovereign Grand Commander longer than any other man in the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction 30 years. We are all meant to shine, as children do. Covid-19 changes our socialization, affects our sensory perception, interpretation and motor functions; our emotions, memories and more. J.D. We will not change course, and we will focus on increasing membership." Grand Commander Abbott left three gifts to the Supreme Council, one of which was to be used for scholarships, preferably for the study of clean journalism. Today the Supreme Council provides hundreds of scholarships to the children of Scottish Rite Masons. It is my pleasure to offer a warm welcome to the website for the Supreme Council for Scotland of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite. Gourgas to reactivate the Scottish Rite in the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction in 1843. The Supreme Council, Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, Southern Jurisdiction, USA (commonly known as the Mother Supreme Council of the World) was the first Supreme Council of Scottish Rite Freemasonry. He was educated in the public schools of Keene, New Hampshire; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Harvard College, and Harvard Law School. Simson served as Lieutenant Grand Commander under Tompkins, and became Sovereign Grand Commander upon Tompkinss death in 1825. this website indicates . In between he served as a state senator. In 1863, they merged with the Cerneau group known as the Hays Council. His Excellency the Most Hon. During his tenure, he has displayed his business and managerial acumen by establishing a sound financial footing for the 32 Masonic Learning Centers for Children, now the Childrens Dyslexia Centers, and the Scottish Rite Masonic Museum & Library. Brother Samiec was installed as Sovereign Grand Commander in Cleveland on August 31, 2021. Samiec devoted his time to the operation of his business, Subcontracting Services Co., specializing in installing and servicing residential electrical, lighting, and communications systems. Actually, who are younotto be? Supreme Council AASR Southern Jurisdiction of the United States, Copyright Honolulu Scottish Rite | Professionally Built & Managed by Masonic Web Master, New 32 Scottish Rite Masons Receive 14 Rings & Caps, Ill. Andrew Geiser, 33, Featured in the Scottish Rite Journal. Despite 12 years at the helm, Tompkins did not devote much time to the newly formed group. Drummond took the reins of the jurisdiction on the completion of the union of two rival groups, and he helped create the Scottish Rites Northern Masonic Jurisdiction as it is today. Killian Van Rensselaer was born in Greenbush, New York, a member of the famous Knickerbocker family. Read instantly on your browser with Kindle for Web. He was raised in New Yorks Lodge, LUnion Franaise in 1806. Stevens was born in Canton, Connecticut in 1855. Nebo Grand Council. Masons, Inc. In Boston in 1824, Raymond received degrees 4 through 32, inclusive, from John Barker, agent of the Southern Jurisdictions Supreme Council. Council of Nine. It comes as no surprise, then, that he was elected Sovereign Grand Commander in 1879. Lieutenant Sovereign Grand Commander Flushing, NY Contact: 917-544-2576 ILL. JAMES LEE 33 Grand Orator & Minister of State Canton, MD Contact: 443-251-6843 ILL. TERRANCE K NICHOLAS 33 Grand Master of Ceremonies Fort Worth, TX Contact: 718-288-6109 ILL. JAMES DIXON 33 Grand Attorney General Bedford Heights, OH Contact: 440-596-2028 ILL. M.P. He then joined his father Illustrious John Willard McNaughton, 33, an Active Emeritus member of the Supreme Council in operating the All Rite Distributing Company, Inc. 72 in Mt. 2. the dissolution of the present Sovereign Council; 3. the constitution of a provisional Sovereign Council, consisting of the following members - H.E. He was educated in the public schools of North Kingston, Rhode Island. In 1946, Johnson himself received the award. 6 in 1826. Seville 1911 to 1920 - H.M. Rennick 1920 to 1948 - Dr. W.H. ABOUT the World Conference on Civilizations and Welfare of the Human Family. After serving the Council for 19 years he became Sovereign Grand Commander on 23rd March 2022. 245 in Otisco, New York in 1822. A total of 22 men have held this office since 1813. He was elected Sovereign Grand Commander in 1985. In 1995 he was chosen as Master of the lodge. On December 18, 1957, Melvin Maynard Johnson died at his home in Boston. 143 in New York City, on November 24, 1807. Palmer continued to practice law, served in the state legislature and became a judge in 1873. It has been tempting for historians to speculate about Yates motives for resigning so soon after taking office. Cincinnati . He attended the Admiral Farragut Naval Academy, before moving on to Cornell University where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering. Van Rensselaer was chosen as Lt. Grand Commander and William B. Hubbard was elected to succeed Raymond. Bro. It allowed the museum rebuild its exhibition showcasing the Battle of Lexington and Concord and the start of the Revolutionary War. He married Leslie M. MacDougall on November 27, 1965. Illustrious Ronald A. Seale, 33 Sovereign Grand Commander: Just as a Grand Lodge is the governing body for Masons in each jurisdiction, so a Supreme Council is the governing body for Scottish Rite Masons and charters all subordinate bodies. But, due to increasing age, Lawrence made it clear that he would serve only until the 1910 Annual Meeting. He is also a member of Amsterdam Lodge No. In 1804, he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, but resigned in order to accept an appointment as associate justice of the New York Supreme Court. Melvin Johnson became an Active Member of the Supreme Council in 1920 and was elected Sovereign Grand Commander in September 1933 in Boston. He also served as Provincial Grand Master of the Provincial Grand Lodge of Edinburgh between 2012 and 2017 and is currently Deputy Grand Master and Governor of the Royal Order of Scotland. He also served as a Trustee of the Permanent and Charity Funds of the Grand Commandery of Massachusetts and Rhode Island from 1908 until 1929. Stanley Maxwell was raised a Master Mason in Readings Good Samaritan Lodge in 1931 and, like many of the Sovereign Grand Commanders, went on to a busy and distinguished Masonic career joining the Reading Royal Arch Chapter, Melrose Council, Aleppo Temple, DeMolay, and Reading Commandery No. He was responsible for the founding of 14 Lodges of Perfection, 13 Councils, and two Consistories. And as we let our own light shine, we unconsciously give other people permission to do the same. For more than 20 years Scottish Rite Freemasonry was divided between two rival groups in the northern part of the United States. Sorry, there was a problem loading this page. As your Most Puissant Sovereign Grand Commander, I pledge to you that I will do everything within my power to move our organization to a higher level. Smiths term as Sovereign Grand Commander, from 1910 to 1921, had its fair share of celebratory events. Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them. It is our light, not our darkness that most frightens us. He joined Hiram Lodge in West Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1854, later becoming a charter member of Mount Hermon Lodge in Medford. Because of a worsening physical condition, Illustrious Francis G. Paul, 33, decided against seeking a third term as Sovereign Grand Commander. Like the previous four Sovereign Grand Commanders before him (with the exception of Stevens, who served as Acting Grand Commander), George Newbury was, by profession, a lawyer. James D. Cole, 33 was elected Grand Commander of the Ancient & Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry for the Southern Jurisdiction of the United States of America at the 2019 Biennial Session of the Supreme Council 33, SJ, USA. Ill. We will obtain this through constant work and sacrifice. At a young age he was raised in Waterville Lodge No. He has served as the Grand Almoner since 2015. Just eleven years later, at age 33, he was chosen as Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Maine. 13, serving that lodge as Master seven times. Illustrious Francis George Paul, 33, came to lead the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction from one of the worlds largest business entities, IBM. Full content visible, double tap to read brief content. Council Member Steven Vargas was first elected to the Brea City Council in November 2014, re-elected in 2018 and 2022, . When Palmer first took office, the Permanent Fund (which had been established in 1872) had a balance of $16,000. He became a Master Mason in 1820, in Morton Lodge No. : , Kessinger Publishing, LLC (September 10, 2010), Language Stanley Fielding Maxwells transition to the position of Sovereign Grand Commander in 1975 was as seamless as possible since he had spent the previous 10 years as the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Council. He joined the Scottish Rite in 1881 and received the 33 in 1887. It is awarded in three classes: Knight Grand Commander (Dato' Sri Paduka-S.P.M.J. Welcome to the website of The United Supreme Council of Sovereign Grand Inspectors General of the Thirty-Third and Last Degree. With : For many years he has been the CEO for the Masonic Home of Virginia in Richmond. Click here to learn more about the Daneil D. Tompkins Award for Distinguished Service. After serving the Council for 19 years he became Sovereign Grand Commander on 23rd March 2022. Working for Cincinnati Milacron, he went on to become manufacturing manager and eventually vice president of the Service Parts Division. In other words, he ended the meeting without scheduling another. In May 1862, both Raymond and Robinson were officially expelled from the Northern Masonic Jurisdictions Supreme Council. He was coroneted an Honorary 33 at Philadelphia in 1981, and was elected to Active Membership on the Supreme Council in Chicago in 1992. He took the office the morning after George Bushnells sudden death at the Supreme Councils Annual Meeting in Cleveland in 1965. THE GREAT NINE OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL III. It was Gourgas, assisted by [Giles Fonda] Yates, who re-vivified the rite after the great anti-Masonic agitation, and then started our Supreme Council on its career to become the strong, virile and successful organization which it now is.. The Most Honourable Order of the Crown of Johor (Malay: Darjah Mahkota Johor Yang Amat Mulia) is an Order of chivalry awarded by the Sultan of Johor.It was first instituted on July 31, 1886. He has served on numerous Valley committees and was Deputy for New York from 2008-13. The State of North Carolina King David Grand Council. In 1897, he served as Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ohio. 2023 by The Imperial Supreme Council. Prime Minister Davis Highlights His Governments Accomplishments, Revenue, During Mid-Year Budget Job Fair slated for this Saturday at Flamingo Gardens Community Park, 200 Foreign Nationals repatriated from New Providence. ELECTED OFFICERS OF THE UNITED SUPREME COUNCIL COREY D. HAWKINS SR., 33 SOVEREIGN GRAND COMMANDER ANTHONY T. STAFFORD, 33 LT. GRAND COMMANDER ALONZO HAYNES, 33 GRAND CHANCELLOR X.L. Life itself is shaped by the commitments that we make and by our ability to maintain them. He served as Grand King of the Grand Chapter of Massachusetts in 1921. As Masonry began to rebound, Yates encouraged Grand Commander J.J.J. Henry G. Petrie 33succeeded to the Council on the 1st January 2017. The United Supreme Council of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite for the 33rd Degree of Freemasonry, Southern Jurisdiction, Prince Hall Affiliated, District of Columbia is dedicated to God, Family, and Country. Samuel Crocker Lawrence joined the Scottish Rite in 1862 and received the 33 in 1864. Supreme Council of the Northern Jurisdiction Pleasant, New York, in 1800. He received the 33 in 1997; became an Active Member for Indiana in 1998; served on several key committees within the Supreme Council; became Grand Lieutenant Commander, and as such, due to the debilitating illness of Sovereign Grand Commander Webber, conducted the Annual Meeting in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 2005. 2023The Sovereign United Supreme Council. Palmer became a Freemason while living in New York; he joined Evening Star Lodge No. , Paperback Brother Samiec and his lovely wife, Gail P. Randall, have been married for 53 years and they are the proud parents of Dr. Carrie B. Samiec and also have a grandson, Nathan. ", It gives me great pleasure to welcome you to. If we have lost sight of our oath, our frontline responders reminds us every day! Born in 1871 in Waltham, Massachusetts, Johnson later attended Tufts College (now University) and Boston University Law School, receiving his law degree in 1895. Just before being named Sovereign Grand Commander, Tompkins was elevated to the 33 by Emanuel De La Motta. Riccardo Patern di Montecupo - Grand Chancellor - H.E. On August 28, 2006, Past Sovereign Grand Commander, Illustrious Robert O. Ralston, 33, installed into office duly elected Sovereign Grand Commander, Illustrious John William McNaughton, 33. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. . Despite holding the office of Sovereign Grand Commander for the shortest term in the Northern Masonic Jurisdictions history just ten days Giles Fonda Yates is remembered for significant contributions to the jurisdictions early history. Brother Webber became of counsel to the firm in August, 2003. Despite his impressive resume, Tompkins was hampered by a debilitating fight with alcoholism, which brought him both ill health and financial problems. Illustrious Robert O. Ralston, 33, was installed as Sovereign Grand Commander and youthful successor to Illustrious Brother Paul on September 1, 1993. Halkitis congratulates newly promoted Customs officers. We will obtain this through constant work and sacrifice. In 1990, Ill. 160, Elliston, Virginia, in 1987 and as Virginia's Grand Master in 2001. The MIll Grand Chamberlain Bro. Raymond served as Sovereign Grand Commander from 1851 to 1860. He was also active in the Shrine, Red Cross of Constantine, and DeMolay. He served as Governor of New York (18071817) and Vice President of the United States (181725) under James Monroe. BUTLER, 33 GRAND MINISTER OF STATE MAURICE LUCAS, 33 GRAND TREASURER-GENERAL H:.E L. KEN COLLINS, II, 33 GRAND SECRETARY-GENERAL H:.E WALTER GULLEY, 33 GRAND AUDITOR-GENERA SILAS WILLIAMS, 33 ASST . The burden of diplomacy and peace requires allies who will listen to each other, learn from each other, and most of all trust one another. He was an Honorary Member of 23 symbolic lodges in Massachusetts and several Scottish Rite Bodies in Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Illinois, and Florida. He resigned as Grand Commander in March 1832. In 2011 the Supreme Council celebrates its 130 th anniversary and also brings tribute to the Romania history. Ill. Alvin K. Wilkins, 33 LIEUTENANT GRAND COMMANDER. One of the main profane activities. , Dimensions With directions from the ALL Mighty God, your assistance and my commitment there are no challenges we cannot achieve. The 130 th anniversary. The current Sovereign Grand Commander MP Sovereign Grand Commander Bro. He has served as Grand Lieutenant Commander under both Commander John William McNaughton and Commander David A. Glattly. 87, serving as Master of St. Georges Lodge No. , ISBN-10 He was elected speaker of the Maine House of Representatives in 1858 and again in 1869. Hubbard later declined the honor and Van Rensselaer moved into the position. Born August 30, 1827 in Winslow, Maine, he remained very active in the government and commerce of his native state. Lawrence belonged to Mystic Royal Arch Chapter, DeMolay Commandery (later serving as Grand Commander of Massachusetts and Rhode Island in the 1890s), and received the degrees of Royal and Select Master. The MIll Grand Master of Ceremonies Bro. Later in Smiths term, the Supreme Council marked both the jurisdictions 100th anniversary and the 50th anniversary of the Union of 1867. In 2001 he was elected Illustrious Deputy for Maine and also became the vice president of the board of directors of the 32 Masonic Learning Centers for Children, Inc. He was elevated to the 33 on September 18, 1906, and was crowned an Active Member on September 23, 1909. He is also a Past Provincial Grand Master of the Provincial Grand Lodge of Glasgow having served from 2009 to 2014. He and his wife, Judy, have been married since 1971. Authors: Scottish Rite (Masonic order). ),Knight Commander (Dato' Paduka-D.P.M.J.) They have two children, Michelle Marie Sellers, and Illustrious Brother John Brian McNaughton, 33. Brother Samiec was coroneted a Sovereign Grand Inspector General, 33 Honorary Member of the Supreme Council in Cincinnati, Ohio, on September 29, 1998. Formerly the controller of the Virginia Tech Foundation, he held several administrative positions at Virginia Tech following his tenure with an international accounting firm. He served as Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts from 1881 to 1883. Palmer was born in Pennsylvania in 1819, but moved to Albany, New York, in his teens where he later studied the law and started a practice in West Troy. Although both his father and grandfather were members of the craft, Ill. Bro. Bro. . Baron Auguste Hugo de Bulow conferred the Scottish Rite Degrees on four brethren and created them Deputy Inspectors General, 33 rd degree, as follows: Dr. Peter W. Ray - New York Jonathan Miller - Pennsylvania, Levi Anderson - Delaware Lemuel G. Griffin - Maryland. who served as the second Most Puissant Sovereign Grand Commander of the DeBulow Supreme Council from 1879 through 1892. It is right and proper that an organisation which has existed for over one hundred and fifty years should, indeed must, continue to develop and reinvigorate itself. III. SOVEREIGN GRAND COMMANDERS ILL. Roy L. Prince 33-SGIG M.P. He moved to Pittsburgh and was named Deputy for Western Pennsylvania and Ohio. Fontenot, 33 The Illustrious Grand Orator and Minister of State III. Illustrious Brother Abbott kept the Supreme Council on a steady course, leaving the Active Members at a loss upon his untimely passing. It gives me great pleasure to welcome you to The Sovereign United Supreme Council We are a distinguished association along with our Supreme Grand Chapter, Order of the Eastern Star, and Higher Degree auxiliaries that were collectively formed as one common body to work together for the good of our organization. As Grand Commander McNaughton was keenly aware of membership, and the costs associated with the needs of the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, he set his sights on continuing growth and change. OFFICIAL COMMUNIQUE Elections for the office of Sovereign Grand Commander. During Hurricane Sandy, Bro. 695, F. & A.M. in Norwood, Ohio, where he went on to serve as Worshipful Master, District Deputy Grand Master and, Trustee of the Ohio Masonic Home. for the United States Of America, its territories and dependencies. 4 in Johnstown, New York in 1982, where he served as Worshipful Master in 1991, the year of the lodges 225th anniversary. The MIll Grand Captain of the Guard Bro. Illus. Brother Ralston was raised in Evanston-Eversull Lodge No. Melvin Maynard Johnson has been and still is considered by most Masonic scholars to have been the greatest American Mason of the 20th century. . In 1912, he entertained U.S. President William Howard Taft at a dinner held in connection with the Supreme Councils annual meeting. He received his Scottish Rite degrees in the Valley of Cincinnati in the fall of 1967, and served as Thrice Potent Master of Gibulum Lodge of Perfection. 4, Royal and Select Masters on March 16, 1994, and was knighted in Portland Commandery No. He was awarded the Scottish Rites 33 in 1965 and became an Active Member At Large in 1973. Ill. He was elected and served as Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts from 1917 to 1919. He also holds a masters degree in Educational Philosophy and Clinical Educational Supervision from the State University College at Oneonta, New York. He received the Scottish Rites 33 in 1863. no challenges we cannot achieve. Twenty years later, he received the 33 and was elected to the Active Membership of the Supreme Council. Walter E. Webber was born in Old Town, Maine, on July 31, 1943. andCompanion (Setia-S.M.J. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. It claims that all other Supreme Councils and Subordinate Bodies of the Scottish Rite are derived from it. sovereign grand inpector general of virginia ancient and accepted scottish rite of freemasonry southern jurisdiction of the united states of america. He also served as an adjunct professor in the Communications Technology Department at Fulton-Montgomery Community College. ).Male recipients of these royal awards, the Dato' Sri . Lawrence also became the first mayor of Medford serving from 1892 to 1894. 396 in 1876. Working closely with Grand Commander Newbury, Maxwell came into office with an intimate knowledge of the Supreme Councils business. in Lewiston, Maine. He was made a Mason at Mt. Gourgas was born in Switzerland to a family of French Huguenots, spent much of his youth in London, and later moved with several family members to America in 1803. Declining health necessitated that he step down on April 20, 1909, and Henry Lynde Palmer died 17 days later. He worked as an attorney until 1939, while also teaching and later serving as dean at Boston University Law School. Try again. America, A.A.S.R. Sovereign Grand Commander IN OFFICE 1996-2010 ILL. Ronald A. Warren, 33-SGIG M.P. 2023 Supreme Council, AASR, NMJ, USA. Peter J. Samiec, 33, was born and raised in the great state of New York. The MIll Grand Sword Bearer Bro. He served in the Union Army during the Civil War, eventually as brigadier general of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and was wounded at the First Battle of Bull Run. Learn more. The mission of The Sovereign United Supreme Council is to strengthen and develop the mind and body-through character development programs with Scripture study to promote a life-transforming tradition that empowers our members to achieve lifelong successes in their communities and benefit to contemporary society. 36 on March 28, 1972, serving as a line officer and was elected Worshipful Master of the lodge in 1979. in Binghamton, New York, in 1961 and was Potentate in 1986. United Supreme Councils Sovereign Grand Commander pays a courtesy call on the Second Murder Recorded Within Two Weeks On GB, Min.